PostgreSQL¶
This page presents the results obtained under all six configurations of the PostgreSQL deployment:
(1024, 0.5) – maximum WAL size = 1024 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.5;
(1024, 0.1) – maximum WAL size = 1024 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.1;
(1024, 0.9) – maximum WAL size = 1024 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.9;
(128, 0.5) – maximum WAL size = 128 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.5;
(128, 0.1) – maximum WAL size = 128 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.1;
(128, 0.9) – maximum WAL size = 128 MiB, checkpoint completion target = 0.9.
Tip
Results are presented in tabular form. Click on the cells! :) to see the value of all observed metrics across the duration of each benchmarking run.
Performance metrics¶
The following table presents the mean and 99th percentile latency (rows) achieved by all configurations (columns) under each workload and for each type of operation, as reported by YCSB.
The operation types are denoted by a single letter: R – read, U – update, M – read-modify-write.
Absolute latency in μs/op is presented for the (1024, 0.5) configuration, while the relative difference of the latency against that baseline is presented as a percentage for the remaining configurations.
Cells containing a relative difference \(R\) are colored according to the following rule: blue if \(R < -5\%\), green if \(R \in [-5\%, +5\%]\), yellow if \(R \in (+5\%, +15\%]\), orange if \(R \in (+15\%, +30\%]\), and red if \(R > +30\%\).
| (1024, 0.5) | (1024, 0.1) | (1024, 0.9) | (128, 0.5) | (128, 0.1) | (128, 0.9) | |||
| A - 1th | R | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 237.8 | +6.9 | +8.9 | +13.1 | +13.0 | +16.4 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 2773.7 | +1.5 | +2.1 | +4.4 | +5.1 | +6.9 | ||
| U | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 4180.5 | +5.5 | +6.5 | +10.0 | +9.1 | +13.7 | |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 12321.7 | +6.9 | +8.7 | +6.0 | +19.5 | +3.6 | ||
| A - 10th | R | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 2277.4 | +3.2 | +2.3 | +10.0 | +10.1 | +12.4 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 12247.0 | +1.1 | +2.0 | +15.0 | +15.9 | +17.2 | ||
| U | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 14414.6 | +2.2 | +2.2 | +13.9 | +15.1 | +16.3 | |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 31097.7 | +0.8 | +3.9 | +33.2 | +54.1 | +33.3 | ||
| B - 1th | U | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 4195.7 | +3.1 | +2.7 | +7.0 | +5.7 | +10.7 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 11612.3 | +5.9 | +4.2 | +15.8 | +28.6 | -3.4 | ||
| B - 10th | U | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 14781.6 | 0.0 | +0.6 | +5.0 | +1.7 | +5.3 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 32191.0 | +1.6 | +2.3 | +8.1 | +7.0 | +3.2 | ||
| F - 1th | R | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 227.2 | +4.5 | +4.0 | +12.8 | +11.4 | +14.2 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 2657.7 | +1.5 | +1.9 | +6.6 | +7.1 | +7.9 | ||
| M | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 4302.2 | +2.7 | +2.6 | +7.7 | +6.1 | +10.7 | |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 12916.3 | +3.3 | +3.1 | +3.3 | +15.3 | -1.8 | ||
| F - 10th | R | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 2274.4 | +4.9 | +5.6 | +8.1 | +15.9 | +12.7 |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 12193.7 | +1.9 | +3.8 | +14.3 | +21.5 | +19.1 | ||
| M | mean lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 14371.7 | +2.8 | +4.2 | +13.7 | +20.7 | +17.8 | |
| 99th p. lat. (μs/op) (rel. diff. %) | 31124.3 | +1.4 | +5.9 | +31.7 | +61.9 | +32.4 |
Resource utilization metrics¶
The following table presents mean CPU and disk utilization metrics (rows) for all configurations (columns) under each workload, as reported by Dstat.
Absolute CPU utilization (busy and waiting percentages of total CPU time) and disk utilization (read and write throughput in MiB/s) are presented for the (1024, 0.5) configuration, while the absolute difference of these metrics against that baseline is presented for the remaining configurations.
For CPU utilization, cells containing an absolute difference \(D\) are colored according to the following rule: blue if \(D < -5\), green if \(D \in [-5, +5]\), yellow if \(D \in (+5, +15]\), orange if \(D \in (+15, +30]\), and red if \(D > +30\).
For disk utilization, the greater the magnitude of the throughput difference against the baseline, the darker the cell. (In this table, the difference is always very small.)
| (1024, 0.5) | (1024, 0.1) | (1024, 0.9) | (128, 0.5) | (128, 0.1) | (128, 0.9) | ||
| A - 1th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 2.1 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.2 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 22.5 | +0.1 | +0.2 | +0.5 | +0.5 | +0.3 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 2.6 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.2 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 7.7 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 | |
| A - 10th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 5.1 | +0.2 | 0.0 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.7 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 66.3 | +1.9 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -1.3 | -0.5 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 5.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.6 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 15.5 | -0.5 | +0.2 | +1.5 | +2.3 | +1.9 | |
| B - 1th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 23.0 | +0.1 | 0.0 | +0.2 | -0.2 | +0.1 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 6.7 | -0.2 | -0.2 | +0.1 | +0.1 | -0.1 | |
| B - 10th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 4.5 | +0.1 | 0.0 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 45.6 | +0.4 | -0.4 | -3.6 | -3.0 | -5.3 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 3.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.3 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 15.0 | -0.3 | +0.1 | +0.6 | +1.6 | +0.5 | |
| F - 1th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 2.1 | 0.0 | -0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.1 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 22.5 | 0.0 | +0.2 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.1 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 2.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 7.4 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.3 | |
| F - 10th | CPU busy (%) (diff.) | 6.1 | +0.3 | +0.2 | -0.8 | -0.8 | -0.9 |
| CPU wait (%) (diff.) | 65.3 | +2.0 | +0.6 | -1.4 | -0.8 | -0.1 | |
| disk read thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 5.4 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.6 | -0.7 | -0.7 | |
| disk write thr. (MiB/s) (diff.) | 15.4 | -0.5 | -0.1 | +1.7 | +2.0 | +1.6 |